{"id":1215,"date":"2026-09-12T13:48:30","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T13:48:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/how-does-flexographic-printing-work\/"},"modified":"2026-09-12T13:48:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T13:48:30","slug":"how-does-flexographic-printing-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/how-does-flexographic-printing-work\/","title":{"rendered":"How Does Flexographic Printing Work: A Process Deep-Dive"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"geo-direct-answer-box\" style=\"background:#f0f9ff; border:1px solid #bae6fd; border-left:5px solid #0284c7; border-radius:8px; padding:20px 24px; margin:24px 0 32px 0;\">\n<h4 style=\"margin:0 0 12px 0; color:#0369a1; font-size:1.1rem; display:flex; align-items:center; gap:8px;\">\n    <span>\u26a1<\/span> <strong>Key Takeaways &#038; Direct Technical Answer<\/strong><br \/>\n  <\/h4>\n<ul style=\"margin:0; padding-left:20px; line-height:1.7; color:#0c4a6e; font-size:0.95rem;\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:6px;\"><strong>Flexo uses relief photopolymer plates and metered anilox rolls to transfer fast-drying liquid inks onto absorbent substrates.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:6px;\"><strong>Modern CI presses run 350\u2013550 m\/min with 120\u2013175 lpi anilox engravings for label-grade quality.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:6px;\"><strong>Viscosity control (20\u201340 s Zahn #2) and impression pressure are the two critical process variables.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:6px;\"><strong>Flexo remains the lowest unit-cost option above ~10,000 m runs, though water-based ink chemistry is shifting under EPR pressure.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 style='color:#0f172a; margin-top:36px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:1.5rem;'>How Does Flexographic Printing Work: A Process Deep-Dive<\/h2>\n<div class=\"post-featured-image\" style=\"margin:28px 0 32px 0; text-align:center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1516937941344-00b4e0337589?auto=format&#038;fit=crop&#038;w=1200&#038;q=80\" alt=\"how does flexographic printing work - Industrial Paper Mill and Flute Corrugating Machine (TadaPack Engineering Guide)\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:12px; box-shadow:0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.07); border:1px solid #e2e8f0;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size:0.84rem; color:#64748b; margin-top:10px; font-style:italic;\">how does flexographic printing work &#8211; Industrial Paper Mill and Flute Corrugating Machine (TadaPack Engineering Guide)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">Flexography dominates industrial print for corrugated boxes, flexible films, labels, and paper bags because it solves one hard constraint: depositing a controlled, fast-drying ink film onto porous and non-porous webs at speeds up to 550 m\/min. Understanding how the ink train works explains both its cost advantages and its quality limits \u2014 a comparison we detail in our <a href=\"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/flexo-vs-digital-printing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"color:#0284c7; text-decoration:underline; font-weight:600;\">Flexo vs Digital Printing: Engineering &#038; Cost Breakdown<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 style='color:#0f172a; margin-top:36px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:1.5rem; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding-bottom:8px;'>The Core Mechanism: Relief Printing with Metered Ink<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">Flexo is a rotary relief (letterpress-derived) process. The image area on a flexible photopolymer plate stands proud ~0.68\u20131.14 mm above the non-image floor. Ink does not flood the plate; it is <em>metered<\/em> onto it by an anilox roll, which is the defining component of the system.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">A flexo ink station has four elements:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin:16px 0; padding-left:24px; line-height:1.75; color:#334155;\">\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:8px;\"><strong style='color:#0f172a;'>Ink pan and doctor blade<\/strong> \u2014 supplies liquid ink (water-based, solvent-based, UV-curable, or EB).<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:8px;\"><strong style='color:#0f172a;'>Anilox roll<\/strong> \u2014 laser-engraved ceramic (typically plasma-sprayed chromium oxide) with hexagonal cells measuring 120\u2013800 lpi and 1.0\u201310.0 BCM\/in\u00b2 cell volume. It transfers a precise, repeatable ink film thickness independent of press speed.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:8px;\"><strong style='color:#0f172a;'>Plate cylinder<\/strong> \u2014 the photopolymer sleeve mounted on adhesive tape (LBU 380 density is standard).<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:8px;\"><strong style='color:#0f172a;'>Impression cylinder<\/strong> \u2014 presses the substrate against the plate with ~0.05 mm target squeeze to avoid halo and dot gain.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 style='color:#0f172a; margin-top:36px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:1.5rem; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding-bottom:8px;'>Step-by-Step Ink Path<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">The ink travels a closed loop. First, the doctor blade shears excess ink off the anilox surface, leaving ink only in the engraved cells. Second, the anilox contacts the raised plate image, transferring ~50\u201370% of cell volume. Third, the plate&#8217;s raised image stamps the substrate directly \u2014 no offset blanket, no damping system. Water-based inks penetrate and set by absorption into kraft linerboard within milliseconds; solvent and UV inks cure by evaporation or crosslinking under medium-pressure mercury or LED-UV lamps at 300\u2013600 W\/in.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">Because the ink film is thin (1.5\u20134.0 g\/m\u00b2 wet) and dries by absorption rather than oxidative drying, sheets can be slit, die-cut, and converted inline at full press speed \u2014 the key to flexo&#8217;s unit economics.<\/p>\n<h2 style='color:#0f172a; margin-top:36px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:1.5rem; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding-bottom:8px;'>Substrate Range and Prepress Requirements<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">Flexo prints on nearly anything web-fed: 40 gsm flexible films, 90\u2013200 gsm SBS and kraft, and direct print on corrugated post-print (B, C, and E flute) and pre-print liner. Plate distortion is calculated per substrate \u2014 a 3.94 mm plate mounted on a cylinder requires a scale-back factor of roughly 96.6% on the repeat length to compensate for cylindrical stretch.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">Modern CI (central impression) presses with sleeve technology hold registration at \u00b10.1 mm across 8\u201310 colors. For corrugated post-print, ink viscosity is the dominant variable: water-based formulations run at 20\u201340 seconds on a Zahn #2 cup, monitored by inline viscometers on 2026-generation presses. For detailed cost modeling per substrate class, see <a href=\"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/flexo-printing-vs-digital-printing-packaging\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"color:#0284c7; text-decoration:underline; font-weight:600;\">Flexo Printing vs Digital Printing: Packaging Cost &#038; Quality Guide<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-responsive\" style=\"overflow-x:auto; margin: 28px 0; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:10px; box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.03);\">\n<table style=\"width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left; background:#ffffff;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#f8fafc; border-bottom:2px solid #e2e8f0;\">\n<th style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; background:#f8fafc; color:#0f172a; font-weight:700; font-size:0.92rem;\">Parameter<\/th>\n<th style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; background:#f8fafc; color:#0f172a; font-weight:700; font-size:0.92rem;\">Typical Range<\/th>\n<th style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; background:#f8fafc; color:#0f172a; font-weight:700; font-size:0.92rem;\">Failure Mode if Off<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0;\">\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; font-weight:600; color:#0f172a;\">Anilox lpi (labels)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">400\u2013800<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">Plugging, mottle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#fafafa; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0;\">\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; font-weight:600; color:#0f172a;\">Anilox lpi (corrugated)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">120\u2013250<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">Solid coverage gaps<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0;\">\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; font-weight:600; color:#0f172a;\">Water-based viscosity<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">20\u201340 s Zahn #2<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">Halo, dot gain<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#fafafa; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0;\">\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; font-weight:600; color:#0f172a;\">Impression squeeze<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">~0.05 mm<\/td>\n<td style=\"border:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding:12px 16px; color:#334155; font-size:0.9rem;\">Halo, plate wear<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2 style='color:#0f172a; margin-top:36px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:1.5rem; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding-bottom:8px;'>Ink Chemistry and 2026 Compliance Context<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">Water-based flexo inks now dominate corrugated and paper applications, driven by EU <a href=\"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/materials-and-processes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"color:#0284c7; text-decoration:underline; font-weight:600;\">PPWR<\/a> recyclability thresholds and US state-level EPR programs (California SB 54, Oregon, Colorado) that penalize non-recyclable ink systems. UV-LED curing has cut curing energy per m\u00b2 by 50\u201360% versus legacy mercury lamps. Brands running lifecycle assessments to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/37456.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"color:#0284c7; text-decoration:underline; font-weight:600;\">ISO 14040 Environmental Lifecycle Assessment<\/a> methodology increasingly favor water-based flexo on mono-material paper substrates for the lowest cradle-to-grave footprint per printed unit.<\/p>\n<h2 style='color:#0f172a; margin-top:36px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:1.5rem; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding-bottom:8px;'>Where Flexo Wins and Where It Doesn&#8217;t<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">Flexo&#8217;s plate cost ($80\u2013250 per color for digital photopolymer plates) amortizes quickly: above roughly 10,000 m or 5,000 sheets, its unit cost undercuts digital by 30\u201360%. Below that, plate setup (30\u201390 min per job including color matching) makes digital more economical. Quality-wise, flexo delivers 120\u2013175 lpi effective screen with HD flexo flat-top dots \u2014 sufficient for most CPG packaging but still behind digital&#8217;s continuous-tone photographic reproduction.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\">For engineers specifying print on corrugated structures, remember that flute profile interacts with print: E-flute (1.5 mm) post-print achieves near-label quality, while C-flute (4.0 mm) direct print shows visible washboarding at fine screens. Specifying the plate, anilox, and flute together \u2014 not sequentially \u2014 prevents the most common post-print failure: unacceptable print on a structurally sound box.<\/p>\n<h2 style='color:#0f172a; margin-top:36px; margin-bottom:16px; font-size:1.5rem; border-bottom:1px solid #e2e8f0; padding-bottom:8px;'>FAQ<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\"><strong style='color:#0f172a;'>Why is flexographic printing faster than gravure for short-to-mid runs?<\/strong><br \/>\nPhotopolymer plates cost 5\u201310\u00d7 less than engraved gravure cylinders and mount in minutes on sleeve systems, so press changeovers at 350+ m\/min presses take under an hour versus days of cylinder engraving lead time.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\"><strong style='color:#0f172a;'>What is an anilox roll and why does it matter?<\/strong><br \/>\nIt is the metering roll with laser-engraved ceramic cells that controls exact ink film thickness. Cell volume (BCM\/in\u00b2) and line count determine color density, halftone capability, and repeatability across the run.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:16px 0; line-height:1.8; color:#334155; font-size:1.02rem;\"><strong style='color:#0f172a;'>Can flexo print photographic-quality images?<\/strong><br \/>\nHD flexo with flat-top dot plates and 1200 dpi CTCP workflow achieves strong results at 150\u2013175 lpi, but fine gradients and skin tones still favor inkjet digital printing on short runs.<\/p>\n<div class=\"geo-faq-section\" style=\"margin-top:40px; padding-top:24px; border-top:2px solid #e2e8f0;\">\n<h2 style=\"color:#0f172a; font-size:1.45rem; margin-bottom:20px;\">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<div style=\"background:#f8fafc; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:18px 20px; margin-bottom:14px;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin:0 0 8px 0; font-size:1.05rem; color:#0f172a; font-weight:700;\">Why is flexographic printing faster than gravure for short-to-mid runs?<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin:0; color:#475569; font-size:0.95rem; line-height:1.65;\">Photopolymer plates cost 5\u201310\u00d7 less than engraved gravure cylinders and mount in minutes on sleeve systems, so changeovers at 350+ m\/min presses take under an hour versus days of engraving lead time.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#f8fafc; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:18px 20px; margin-bottom:14px;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin:0 0 8px 0; font-size:1.05rem; color:#0f172a; font-weight:700;\">What is an anilox roll and why does it matter?<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin:0; color:#475569; font-size:0.95rem; line-height:1.65;\">It is the metering roll with laser-engraved ceramic cells that controls exact ink film thickness via cell volume (BCM\/in\u00b2) and line count, governing color density and run-to-run repeatability.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#f8fafc; border:1px solid #e2e8f0; border-radius:8px; padding:18px 20px; margin-bottom:14px;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin:0 0 8px 0; font-size:1.05rem; color:#0f172a; font-weight:700;\">Can flexo print photographic-quality images?<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin:0; color:#475569; font-size:0.95rem; line-height:1.65;\">HD flexo with flat-top dots achieves strong results at 150\u2013175 lpi, but fine gradients and skin tones still favor inkjet digital on short runs.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tadapack-b2b-engineering-cta\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(135deg, #0f172a 0%, #1e293b 100%); border-radius:14px; padding:28px 32px; margin:44px 0 24px 0; color:#ffffff; box-shadow:0 10px 25px -5px rgba(15,23,42,0.25); border:1px solid #334155;\">\n<div style=\"display:flex; align-items:flex-start; justify-content:space-between; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:20px;\">\n<div style=\"max-width:640px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:0.8rem; font-weight:700; color:#38bdf8; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:0.06em; margin-bottom:6px;\">\n        \u2699\ufe0f TadaPack Industrial Packaging Engineering\n      <\/div>\n<h3 style=\"color:#ffffff; margin:0 0 10px 0; font-size:1.35rem; font-weight:800; line-height:1.35;\">\n        Engineering Your Next High-Performance Packaging Batch<br \/>\n      <\/h3>\n<p style=\"color:#94a3b8; font-size:0.92rem; line-height:1.65; margin:0;\">\n        From precision CAD dielines to ISTA drop-testing and certified sustainable substrates, TadaPack helps global brands optimize freight cubic volume, minimize shipping breakage, and satisfy European PPWR \/ EPR packaging standards.\n      <\/p>\n<div style=\"display:flex; flex-wrap:wrap; gap:16px; margin-top:14px; font-size:0.82rem; color:#cbd5e1;\">\n        <span>\u2713 <strong>Free CAD Dielines (.AI \/ .DXF)<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n        <span>\u2713 <strong>Drop-Test &#038; ECT Optimization<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n        <span>\u2713 <strong>PPWR &#038; FSC Compliant<\/strong><\/span>\n      <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex; align-items:center; align-self:center;\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/tadapack.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" style=\"background:#0284c7; color:#ffffff; padding:12px 24px; border-radius:8px; font-weight:700; font-size:0.95rem; text-decoration:none; display:inline-block; transition:all 0.2s; box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(2,132,199,0.35);\"><br \/>\n        Request Engineering Sample &rarr;<br \/>\n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@graph\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Article\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/how-does-flexographic-printing-work\/#article\",\n      \"headline\": \"How Does Flexographic Printing Work: A Process Deep-Dive\",\n      \"description\": \"Anilox rolls, photopolymer plates, ink viscosity, and press speeds: a technical breakdown of flexographic printing for corrugated and flexible packaging.\",\n      \"mainEntityOfPage\": \"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/how-does-flexographic-printing-work\/\",\n      \"author\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Person\",\n        \"name\": \"Lars Nielsen\",\n        \"jobTitle\": \"Cold Chain Insulation Materials Specialist\",\n        \"worksFor\": {\n          \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n          \"name\": \"TadaPack\",\n          \"url\": \"https:\/\/tadapack.com\"\n        }\n      },\n      \"publisher\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n        \"name\": \"TadaPack\",\n        \"url\": \"https:\/\/tadapack.com\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n      \"@id\": \"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/how-does-flexographic-printing-work\/#faq\",\n      \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Why is flexographic printing faster than gravure for short-to-mid runs?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Photopolymer plates cost 5\u201310\u00d7 less than engraved gravure cylinders and mount in minutes on sleeve systems, so changeovers at 350+ m\/min presses take under an hour versus days of engraving lead time.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What is an anilox roll and why does it matter?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"It is the metering roll with laser-engraved ceramic cells that controls exact ink film thickness via cell volume (BCM\/in\u00b2) and line count, governing color density and run-to-run repeatability.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Can flexo print photographic-quality images?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"HD flexo with flat-top dots achieves strong results at 150\u2013175 lpi, but fine gradients and skin tones still favor inkjet digital on short runs.\"}}]\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Anilox rolls, photopolymer plates, ink viscosity, and press speeds: a technical breakdown of flexographic printing for corrugated and flexible packaging.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[522,406,523],"class_list":["post-1215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-materials-and-processes","tag-anilox-roll","tag-corrugated-flutes","tag-flexo-inks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1215"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1215\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tadapack.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}